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THE SURREALIST MANIFESTO

Surrealism followed Sigmund Freud’s theory of the unconscious and

his ‘free association’ technique for bypassing the conscious mind.

Although there was no specific surrealist style, artworks fall into

 two main categories: those that use conventional techniques to depict

fantastic, enigmatic images, such as Salvador Dalí’s melting watches

in his Persistence of Memory (1931); and those that

 use inventive techniques, such as frottage

(rubbing of a raised surface) developed by Max Ernst. Pablo

Picasso worked along surrealist lines for a time in the early 1920s.

André Masson experimented in automatic drawing; Max Ernst,

Joan Miró, and Yves Tanguy created emotive, semiabstract forms;

while Dali and René Magritte painted their dreamlike images

in a realistic style. The poets Louis Aragon and Paul Eluard

and the film-maker Luis Buñuel were also part of the movement.

 http://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1702279.html

Influence of Freud on Surrealism
One of the influences on the development of the artistic movement known as surrealism
derived from the writings and thought of Sigmund Freud. Freud has a particular
influence on Andre Breton, one of the leading theorists of the movement, and Salvador
Dali, perhaps its best-known practitioner. Each man acknowledged the contribution of
Freud and produced works citing Freud directly.
Surrealism was an artistic movement with a strong political component. It was the most
highly organized and tightly controlled artistic movement in this century, and its moral
and philosophical leader was Andre Breton, who held the unofficial title of the Pope of
Surrealism. Surrealism was also a life-style and a philosophical outlook that informed
artistic expression, political action, and social life:At the heart of Surrealism lay the
belief that “objective chance”–by which was meant inexplicable coincidence–is central
to reality, which is not an orderly system of events apprehensible by logical thought.
Hence, it was believed, knowledge of true reality can be gained only through a-logical
insights of the unconscious mind and these insights can only be achieved by certain
automatic procedures

 

 

haunted artists/Surrealist-Manifesto[1].pdf